When a father has an X-linked type of albinism, his daughters will become carriers, and his sons will not have albinism and will not be carriers. Each of her sons has a 1 in 2 chance of having albinism. When a mother is a carrier of an X-linked type of albinism, each of her daughters has a 1 in 2 chance of becoming a carrier. This pattern affects boys and girls differently: girls who get the albinism gene become carriers, while boys who get it will have albinism. Some types of OA are passed on in an X-linked inheritance pattern. Carriers do not have albinism but can pass on the gene. If both parents carry the gene, there's a 1 in 4 chance that their child will have albinism and a 1 in 2 chance that their child will be a carrier. This means a child has to get 2 copies of the gene that causes albinism (1 from each parent) to have the condition. In all types of OCA and some types of OA, albinism is passed on in an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. ocular albinism (OA) – a rarer type that mainly affects the eyes.oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) – the most common type, affecting the skin, hair and eyes.This is because problems with their eyesight can make some movements difficult for them, such as picking up an object. Some young children with albinism may appear clumsy. squint – where the eyes point in different directions.nystagmus – where the eyes move involuntarily from side to side, causing reduced vision you do not see the world as "wobbling" because your brain adapts to your eye movement.photophobia – where the eyes are sensitive to light.astigmatism – where the cornea (clear layer at the front of the eye) is not perfectly curved or the lens is an abnormal shape, causing blurred vision.poor eyesight – either short-sightedness or long-sightedness, and low vision (sight loss that cannot be corrected).Possible eye problems linked to albinism include: This is because melanin is involved in the development of the retina, the thin layer of cells at the back of the eye. The reduced amount of melanin can cause eye problems.
Normal retina vs albino retina skin#
Very pale skin that burns easily in the sun and does not usually tan is also typical of albinism. The exact colour depends on how much melanin their body produces.
People with albinism often have white or very light blonde hair, although some have brown or ginger hair. This can affect their colouring and their eyesight. People with albinism have a reduced amount of melanin, or no melanin at all. It's a lifelong condition, but it does not get worse over time. Albinism affects the production of melanin, the pigment that colours skin, hair and eyes.
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